François Fontan (1929-1979) is a French politician. He was born in 1929 in a family which came from Gascony (region of Bordeaux). Raised in a monarchic family, he first joined a political party : the Mouvement Socialiste Monarchique when he was about 15, but he quickly gave up monarchism and became closer to anarchism, and, then, to communists, but he got fed up with their stalinism. He moved to Nice and created the Parti National Occitan there. From 1962, Fontan often met professor Guy Héraut and developed the first clarification of the linguistic border between Occitan and Piemontais. He died in Cuneo in 1979.
He argues that states must create new borders, uniting each separate people within one country. In Africa especially, borders were created by European administrators and are not related to the various peoples. Creating new ethno-linguistic borders could avoid new massacres such as the one in Rwanda in 1994 between Tutsis and Hutus.
He wrote some books, explaining his ideas. Ethnisme is the most known.